Article summary
Abstract
This study examines the structural, administrative, and socio-cultural impediments
encountered by Elected Women Representatives (EWRs) within the Panchayati Raj
Institutions (PRIs) of Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh. Utilizing an empirical
primary data-driven framework, the research investigates how institutionalized male
dominance and entrenched patriarchal norms circumscribe the administrative and
dispute-mediation autonomy of women at the grassroots level. Fieldwork was executed
across two distinct administrative blocks in Chamba: Pangi (a remote, high-altitude
tribal block) focusing on Dharwas and Luj Gram Panchayats; and Bharmaur block,
focusing on Ulansa and Nayagram Gram Panchayats. Primary data was gathered on
site using structured interview schedules, focus group discussions (FGDs), and localized
case studies of active female representatives and community stakeholders.
The paper specifically evaluates the dual pressures of administrative gatekeeping
and the pervasive phenomenon of proxy politics (the Sarpanch Pati culture) within
these specific mountainous topographies. Special analytical focus is directed toward
the efficacy of EWRs in local conflict resolution, encompassing disputes over natural
resource allocation, community land boundaries, and domestic grievances. The
empirical findings reveal a stark divergence between formal constitutional
empowerment and substantive administrative authority. While state PRI mandates
have successfully guaranteed numerical representation, qualitative entry barriers
persist. Female leaders across both blocks routinely confront non-cooperation from male
bureaucrats, domestic gatekeeping, and a systemic deficit in community acceptance
during dispute mediation, where traditional male authority figures continue to be
favored. Consequently, conflicts are frequently hijacked or mediated through male
proxies, undermining the statutory power vested in elected women. Conversely,
comparative field insights highlight emerging narratives of leadership resilience—
particularly within Pangi’s geographically isolated terrain—where targeted capacity
building mitigates initial vulnerabilities.