Article summary
Abstract
Printmaking has historically occupied an important position within the visual arts
due to its ability to combine technical precision with creative expression. Among the
various printmaking methods, intaglio and etching techniques have traditionally relied
upon the use of acids and chemical agents to create images on metal plates. While
these methods offer distinctive aesthetic qualities, growing evidence suggests that
prolonged exposure to acids and solvents can adversely affect the health of artists and
printmakers. This research investigates the health hazards associated with acidic
printmaking practices and examines the role of non-acidic alternatives in promoting
safer, sustainable, and innovative artistic production. Data were collected through
interviews with professional artists, educators, researchers, and students engaged in
printmaking. The findings reveal significant health concerns arising from exposure to
nitric acid, benzene, solvents, and related chemicals. Simultaneously, the study
highlights the increasing adoption of non-toxic techniques such as drypoint, collography,
mezzotint, water-based serigraphy, polymer plate printing, and environmentally safer
etching processes. The research concludes that non-acidic printmaking offers a viable
pathway toward healthier studio environments, environmental sustainability, and
continued technical innovation in contemporary printmaking practice.